Teaching Everyone: Inclusion and Challenge in Large Multidisciplinary Cohorts

In part 5 of this series of posts, Dr Cliff Li and the Team from the University of Exeter Business School have some tips to help us to address issues of diversity and challenge. From seasoned business students to arts undergrads encountering entrepreneurship for the first time, how do you design a module that meets all their needs?

One of the biggest challenges in leading extra-large modules isn’t just scale – it’s diversity. When your module attracts 500+ students from across disciplines, cultural backgrounds, and skill levels, the spectrum of needs and expectations can be vast.

Some students arrive with deep subject knowledge. Others are new to the field entirely. Some are analytical; others prefer visual or conceptual learning. Some thrive in discussion; others would rather reflect and write. So how do you teach everyone, without diluting challenge or leaving anyone behind?

Here’s how Exeter educators are approaching inclusive teaching at scale.

1. Layer the Learning

Effective large-scale teaching offers core content that’s accessible to all, plus “stretch” content for those ready to go further. Online learning packs can include:

·       Essential readings and explainer videos

·       Case studies with different complexity levels

·       Bonus materials or applications for students with prior knowledge

This way, all students meet the intended learning outcomes – while still feeling appropriately challenged.

2. Mix Up Modalities

In large cohorts, one-size-fits-all activities don’t work. Some students engage through digital tools; others prefer discussion or paper-based tasks. A single workshop should ideally include:

·       A brief reflective writing task

·       A discussion prompt

·       A group mapping or design activity

·       A visual or audio input (e.g., video, infographic)

This diversity of approach enables more students to find an entry point into the learning.

3. Think Culturally and Contextually

Large modules bring cultural variety, which can enrich learning – but only if students see themselves reflected in the material. Use examples and case studies from:

·       Different countries and industries

·       Start-ups, scale-ups, public and third sector organisations

·       Humanitarian and social enterprise contexts

Students respond strongly to cases they relate to. Including varied geographical and cultural contexts can unlock deeper engagement across the cohort.

4. Provide Challenge Without Punishment

Some students worry about “getting it wrong” in front of others, especially in diverse groups. Make it clear that exploration and experimentation are welcomed. Techniques like role play and “safe failure” scenarios help create psychological safety.

Also consider offering optional extension tasks for students who want more of a challenge. This gives confident learners space to stretch, while keeping the core learning track accessible for others.

5. Be Flexible – and Plan for It

Flexibility doesn’t mean lowering expectations. It means recognising that students arrive with different starting points, and allowing multiple pathways through your content and assessment.

This might include:

·       Offering choice in assessment formats

·       Using scaffolding tools (e.g., visual frameworks or planning templates)

·       Allowing reflection or critical engagement as alternatives to purely analytical tasks

Inclusive teaching is not about “covering all bases”, it’s about designing with difference in mind from the outset.

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